Grammar

Grammar

Spanish

• Spanish Grammar Online (Concise outline of essential grammar structures based on John Turner's All the Spanish Grammar You Really Need to Know)
• Spanish - Songs that Teach Grammar (Spanish music from YouTube with cloze activities; answers available)
• Spanish Grammar Listening Activities (Categories of grammar concepts; cloze activities; categorized by levels)
• Todoele
• Study Spanish
• Spanish Accents
• Por y Para (Examples for using "por" or "para" - Spanish audio with English translations - You Tube: 6:04)
• Por and Para Rap
• Por y Para (Uses and Reasons) (You Tube; in Spanish; tildeMadrid)
• Ser and Estar Rap
• Preterit vs Imperfect Rap
• Preterit and Imperfect Forms
• Zachary Jones and Grammar Activities
• Subjunctive - Part 1
• El Subjuntivo - Part 2: Los usos (You Tube; Advanced - in Spanish)

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Grammar Mnemonic Devices

Estar	Ser
P - Position	T - Time, Trait
L - Location	O - Origin
A - Action	P - Profession, Possession
C - Condition	I - Identification
E - Emotion	C - Classification

D - Description, Date

O - Occupation

C - Characteristics

T - Time and Place of Event

O - Origin

R - Relationship

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Este & Ese
"This" and "these" have "t's" - "Este, Esta, Estos, Estas
"That" and "those," don't - "Ese, Esa, Esos, Esas

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Subjunctive	Subjunctive	Adverbial Clauses that Use Subjunctive	VOCES - DON'T Use Subjunctive
W- Wish, Want	W- Wish, Want	E - En caso de que	V - Verdad que
E- Emotion	E- Emotion	S - Sin que	O - Obvio que
I- Impersonal Expressions	D - Doubt	C - Con tal (de) que	C - Cierto/Claro que
R- Requests, Recommendations	D - Denial	A - Antes (de) que	E - Espero que
D- Doubt, Denial	I- Impersonal Expressions	P - Para que	S - Seguro que
O- Ojalá	N - Negation	A - A menos que
	G - God (Ojalá) / Guess

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Irregular Present Subjunctive Verbs

D - Decir	dé
I - Ir	vaya
S - Ser	sea
H - Haber	haya
E - Ester	esté
S - Saber	sepa

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Preterit - Imperfect (SIMBA - CHEATED)

S - Single Action	C - Characteristics (Description)
I - Interrupted Action	H - Health
M - Main Event	E - Emotion
B - Beginning Action	A - Age
A - Arrivals/Departures	T - Time
E - Endless Activities
D - Date

IMPERFECT

D - Description

U - Used to

W - Was, Were

I - Impersonal Expressions

T - Time

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Affirmative Tú Commands

Victor	Ven (Venir)
Please	Pon (Poner)
Set	Sal (Salir)
Down	Di (Decir)
The	Ten (Tener)
V	Ve (Ver)
H	Haz (Hacer)
S	Sé (Ser)

Affirmative commands with Object Pronouns - 4 A's A - Affirmative A - After A - Attached A - AccentFor "affirmative commands," the object pronouns go "after" the verb, are "attached" to it, and usually have a written accent.

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PARA is PERFECT
P - Purpose- Lo hizo para ganar dinero.
E - Effect- Estudia para maestro.
R - Recipient – El regalo es para mi amigo.
F - Future- La tarea es para mañana.
E -Employment- Juan trabaja para una escuela secundaria.
C - Comparison- Para un gato, es inteligente.
T - Toward- Paula camina para el museo.

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Irregular Past Participles (REV MAC has a PHD)
R - Roto
E - Escrito
V - Vuelto, Visto
M - Muerto
A - Abierto
C - Cubierto
P - Puesto
H - Hecho
D - Dicho/Descubierto

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Preterit Practice - Students create and illustrate a timeline of their lives, a year in their lives or a historical period of the target culture.